A Methodological Framework for the Classification of Ecological Landscapes in Venezuela

Abstract

This paper presents a conceptual framework for understanding ecosystems, ecological landscapes, and landscape ecology. It details a step-by-step methodology and introduces a classification model for ecological landscapes in Venezuela. The proposed approach involves defining objectives, determining the working scale and boundaries, reviewing relevant literature, developing a base map, processing remote sensing data, formulating hypotheses and theoretical foundations, conducting field surveys, delineating ecological landscape mapping units, and assessing both potentials and constraints. The classification model is structured as a hierarchical, multi-category, and subdivisive system comprising six levels: ecoregion, sub-ecoregion, mega-ecosystem, macro-ecosystem, meso-ecosystem, and ecosystem unit. This framework has proven useful in advancing knowledge of ecological landscapes and serves as a foundation for territorial planning and the sustainable management of human activities in priority areas.